| Component | Specification |
|---|---|
| Cryogenics | Bluefors dilution refrigerator (base T < 20 mK) |
| Magnet | AMI 8 T / 125 mm superconducting magnet |
| Readout | Quantum-limited JPAs, HEMT amplifiers, automated RF/data systems |
Search Experiments
DMAG-8T Experiment
High-Sensitivity Axion Search in the 3-7 GHz RangeDMAG-8T integrates state-of-the-art technologies—quantum-limited JPAs, high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cavities, and sub-20 mK cryogenics—to enable fast, high-sensitivity scans for dark matter axions.
Major components
Key milistones
| Milestone | Description |
|---|---|
| First < 40 mK Search | First axion search with resonator temperature below 40 mK |
| Quantum-Limited Readout | JPA-based system achieving ~200 mK noise temperature |
| HTS Cavity Integration | First use of high-Tc superconducting cavity at 8 T, boosting scan speed x5 |
Publication
- O. Kwon, et al. (CAPP collaboration), “First Results from an Axion Haloscope at CAPP around 10.7 µeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126. 191802 (2021). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.191802
- Jinsu Kim, Ohjoon Kwon, Çağlar Kutlu, Woohyun Chung, Andrei Matlashov, Sergey Uchaikin, Arjan Ferdinand Van Loo, Yasunobu Nakamura, Seonjeong Oh, HeeSu Byun, Danho Ahn, Yannis K Semertzidis, “Near-Quantum-Noise Axion Dark Matter Search at CAPP around 9.5 µeV. Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 091602 (2023). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.091602
DMAG-8TB Experiment
High-Sensitivity Axion Search in the 2-6 GHz RangeDMAG-8TB is an axion haloscope sensitive to axion to photon conversion with KSVZ level sensitivity. It utilizes a BlueFors dilution refrigerator with 20 μW of cooling power at 20 mK, and an NbTi superconducting magnet with 165 mm of bore diameter. The first science run with a copper cavity and a dielectric rod, scanned axion-photon coupling around the axion mass of 6.7 μeV with sensitivity around four times the KSVZ level. The second science run employed an upgraded setup, including a tunable 8-cell cavity and a Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA), and excluded axion-photon couplings in 24.11-24.57 μeV range with near-KSVZ-level sensitivity.
The system has great potential to search for axions over a wide range of axion masses with KSVZ-level sensitivity. With the help of HTS cavities and quantum circuits, it is expected to cover the axion-mass range equivalent to 3 - 6 GHz and beyond within a reasonable timeframe.
Publication
- S. Lee, S. Ahn, J. Choi, B. R. Ko, and Y. K. Semertzidis. “Axion Dark Matter Search around 6.7 µeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 (10 Mar. 2020), p. 101802. doi: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.101802.
- J. Choi, S. Ahn, B.R. Ko, S. Lee, and Y.K. Semertzidis. “CAPP-8TB: Axion dark matter search experiment around 6.7 µeV”. In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 1013 (2021), p. 165667. issn: 0168-9002. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2021.165667.
- S. Ahn, S. Lee, J. Choi, B. R. Ko, and Y. K. Semertzidis. “Improved axion haloscope search analysis”. In: Journal of High Energy Physics 2021.4 (Apr. 2021), p. 297. issn: 1029-8479. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2021)297.
- C. Kutlu, S. Lee, S. V. Uchaikin, S. Ahn, S. Bae, J. Jeong, S. Youn, A. F. van Loo, Y. Nakamura, S. Oh, and Y. Semertzidis, "Search for QCD axion dark matter around 24.5 μeV using an 8-cell microwave resonant cavity haloscope and a flux-driven Josephson parametric amplifier," PoS, vol. ICHEP2022, p. 092, 2022.
DMAG-12T Experiment
High-Sensitivity Axion Search in the 4-10 GHz RangeDMAG-12T is a highly sensitive axion haloscope experiment designed to probe previously unexplored high-frequency regions. The experiment employs a BlueFors LD-400 dilution refrigerator and an Nb₃Sn superconducting magnet with an 86 mm bore and a maximum field strength of 12 Tesla. It focuses on the search for high-frequency dark matter axions using a novel resonant cavity design optimized for this purpose.
The system is well-positioned to scan a broad range of axion masses with KSVZ-level sensitivity, thanks to the integration of quantum noise-limited amplifiers and recently developed high-frequency resonator detectors. With these capabilities, the experiment aims to explore the existence of axions in the 4-10 GHz frequency range, significantly extending the current search frontier.
Publication
- Kim, Y., Jeong, J., Youn, S., Bae, S., Lee, K., van Loo, A. F., ... & Semertzidis, Y. K. (2024). Experimental Search for Invisible Dark Matter Axions around 22 μ eV. Physical Review Letters, 133(5), 051802.
- Bae, S., Jeong, J., Kim, Y., Youn, S., Park, H., Seong, T., ... & Semertzidis, Y. K. (2024). Search for Dark Matter Axions with Tunable TM 020 Mode. Physical Review Letters, 133(21), 211803.
- Bae, S., Jeong, J., Kim, Y., Youn, S., Kim, J., van Loo, A. F., ... & Semertzidis, Y. K. (2025). Axion Dark Matter Search with Near-KSVZ Sensitivity Using the TM $ _ {020} $ Mode. arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.05095.
DMAG-12TB Experiment
Most powerful axion haloscopeDMAG-12TB is one of the most sensitive axion haloscope in the world capable of searching for DFSZ axion within a reasonable timescale. It utilizes an Oxford superconducting magnet with a peak field of 12 T and bore size of 320 mm, as well as a wet-type LEIDEN dilution refrigerator with the base temperature of ~ 5 mK.
The system has been successfully operated since 2022 with a homemade 36 L cylindrical cavity cavity using copper foil. A unique configuration of parallel Josephson parametric amplifiers expands the search range while maintaining the system noise temperature close to the standard quantum limit. Putting all together, a total span of ~120 MHz around 1.1 GHz of axion mass is covered mostly with DFSZ sensitivity. The system is readily available to scan 1-3 GHz with DFSZ sensitivity in 4 years, with the help of the multiple-cell cavity design and the parallel 6-JPA configuration.
Publication
- A. K. Yi et al. (CAPP collaboration), “Axion Dark Matter Search around 4.55 μeV with Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitskii Sensitivity,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 071002 (2023).
- S. Ahn et al. (CAPP collaboration), “Extensive Search for Axion Dark Matter over 1 GHz with CAPP'S Main Axion Experiment,” Phys. Rev. X 14, 031023 (2024).
IBS Dark Matter Axion Group
암흑물질 액시온 그룹
IBS Dark Matter Axion Group, Creation Hall, KAIST Munji Campus 193 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon
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